Safety release-magnet for brake apparatus.



W. N. DICKINSON, JR. SAFETY RELEASE MAGNET FOR- BRAKE APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY s. 1906.

959,223. I Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

Warren srra PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM N. hroxrnson, an, or NEW "some. n. Y'.', ASSIGNOR To OTIS ELEv'Arroa' oomrau or 'anasnrorrr, NEW JERSEY, aconromvrron or NEW JERSEY.

SAFETY RELEASE-MAGNET FOB APPARATUS.

Application filed July 3,

To all whomit may concern:

Be it known that L'VV'ILLIA NI. DICKIN- sorz, Jr., acitizen of the United States, residing atNew York city, borough of Brooklyn, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement'in Safety Release-Magnets for Brake Apparatus, of which the following is a spec1fica-' tion.

My invention relates totorque release brake apparatus such as described 111 my copending application, Serial "No. 3%,539,

filed July 3., 1906, foranimprovement in alternating current electric brake and is an improvementof the invention-set forth in said application.

One of the objects of my invention is the provision of means for automatically applying thebrake within minimum space of time upon interruption of current to the motor or the reduction of potential to a pre-' determined value. y

A further object of my invention is the provision ofsimple and etiicient means for releasing a brake with minimum consumption of current.

Another object of my invention is the pro i represents diagrammatically an electric elevator system with my invention applied thereto; and Fig. 2 1s adetail view of the cam carried by the motor stator frame.

- Referring to Fig. 1, B designates a bedj plate to which are secured the standards or supports 3 at the upper ends of which, are the bearings 2, 2 of the journals 4,4, oi'the stator frame 1. which is mounted within and concentric i with the journals 4:, i of the'statonframe 1.

It will therefore be seen that'the stator frame 1 may have a rotative movement relatively to the bearings 2, 2, or tothe rotor when held stationary. "Any suitable meansmay be provided for'limitingsuch rotative movement so that the cam 9 will move a predetermined distance to carry the arm 6 out-of the recess 12 onto one of its higher portions. Such upward movement of the armfi which is pivoted at 21 will carry Specification of Letters Patent.

5 designates theirotor shaft 1906. Serial No. 324,542.

armature 18 secured to said. arm 6 into engagement with the pole of the holding-mag net 17, and substantially at the same time or a short time thereafter, close the switch 44.

links 16 to the brake lever 10 which in turn is pivoted at 13 to the'bracket secured to .one of the standards 3. A "spring 15 mounted on the standard acts on one brake 7 to the pulley 8. At the other end of the brake lever 10 is secured the electromagnet 14: with which is associated an armature 104: connected to the rod 19 which in turn is pivoted at 11 to the armature-carrying arm 6.

. A ca'm 9 in this. instance is secured to the top of. the motor frame 1 so as tobe movable therewith. Any suitable centering device may be employed for normally holdin the stator frame 1 and the cam 9 1n contra position, or for returning the same to central position. It should be noted that the release the brake, but thereafter the brake is held released by the holding magnet 17 independently of the position of the stator frame 1.. It should also be observed that by the nets associated with the stator frame as e- .ferred to, may or may not be employed, as

desired.

an ordinarymultiphaseinduction motor of cable 78 passes' over the sheaves 79 and 80 to the car C in which is placed the manual switch S for [controlling the reversing switches R and R -which in turn direct the current from the main line to the motor to operate the same in the direction desired.

Assuming that it is desired to operate the car 0 upwardly, the lever 90 shduld be moved onto the contact 89, whereupon a main 0 to and through wires 40 and 91, solenoid 85, wire 92, se' ment 93 of the machine limit 'switch 84, bri e piece .94, segment 95, wire 96, contact 89, ever 90, wire 97, slack cable switch 88, wire ma n lines, in this name that (1mm S'd'esignates a brake pulley with which is associated a brake 7 connected-by the toggle end of the brake lever 10 to apply the cam 9 actuates the lever 6 at the start to For the sake of simplicity Ihavelshown 100, to one of the. other Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

use of the holdingmagnet- 17, holding ma scribed in my application hereinbefore re- T the squirrel cage ty e connected to van ele- I vator winding- Inac line E. The hoisting single-phase circuit will be closed from the 105,

o. The reversing switch R will thereupon be closed and both the stator off the motor M and the solenoid l t will receive otn'rent through the loads 31. A torque will consequently be produced between the stator and rotor tending to move the same relatively to each other, but the rotor being held by the brake at this time cannot be moved, but the stator frame will be until its movement is limited by a suitable stop. As soon as the magnet solenoid 14 is energized, it will tend to hold stationary its core and the rod 19 attached thereto. Therefore when the stator frame 1 begins to rotate, the cam 9 will lift piled. It will be observed. also that this releasingmagnct could be employed in conjunction with a mechanically controlled alternating current elevator and would pre ventthe releasing ol the brake save when current was available for the releasing magnet circuit, and would at the same time include the feature of consuming only a minithe arm 6 together with the rod 19 and solenold 14. ,l Vhen this occurs the brake apparatus will be operated to release the brake and at about the same time that the brake is fully released, the armature 18 is brought into engagement with the pole of the hold ing magnet 17. T he'switch 14: is also closed so that the magnet 17 will receive current through the leads 36 from the motor terminals 35 a short time after or-at about the same time the armature {18 engages the pole ofthe magnet 17. The? holding magnet is thus energized while its magnetic circuit is closed and thus takes only a very small current. in oil position after current; has been applied to the motor. It should a so be noted that the magnet 1 1 consumes lit e-curre.nt for the reason that its magnetic circuit is always substantially closed. :1 have shown a multiphase magnet l lliaving an armature 105% for the sake of simplicity, but it is obvious that any electro-m'agnet particularly adapted for alternating currents may be used and the armature of suchmagnet connected to the rod 19 and so arranged that normally it would always be in engagement with the poles of the magnet. rent from the main line to the motor is interrupted, or the circuits to the" motor are in anyway deranged so as to allow the motor to come back to central position, the

brake will be immediately applied to stop the hoisting apparatus and the car. In case of mere interruption of current as when the "switch in the ear is moved back to central position and the reversing switch R is consequently. opened, theelectro-magnet solenbid 14 will be released andmits weight as Well as the spring will immediately ap-' ply the he before thestator frame has time to firm to central position.

A conditi'on' which suggests itself as to the advantageous en'iployment of the additional 'magnet which-may be termed a releasing magnet, is th case of a very large' motor whose stator might not centralize on the cut-01f of the current as'promptly as desir'ed, and as the armature and pole pieces or" the releasing ma et would 'part company instantly, the raise would be instantly This holding magnet retains the brake In case that the curmum current owing to the fact that in the regular action of the elevator current would be applied to this releasing magnet only when its magnetic circuit was closed.

It will be observed that the circuits of the elevator system illustrated in Fig. 1 have been provided with the regular type of antomatic limitswitches on the elevator machine to bring the car to rest at its normal limits of travel, and still allow it to be regularly operated in the opposite direction to that in which it reached the last limit. This is in accord with common usage. I have provided, however, an additional switch L which may take the place of an ordinary main line switch. This switch may be of any desired construction and is shown in Fig. 1 diagrannnatically merely to illustrate its functions. In this instance I have shown the movable contacts, 523, 2st and secured to a bar of insulation 22 which is pivoted'at E27 and provided with a handle 26. A latch 28 pivoted at 29 normally holds the switch L in closed position. This latch is provided with an 'arm 30 extending in the path of movement of the cores of the magnets 31,

t 32 and 33. The twp outer magnets 31 and 33 are shown in series with their respective phase circuits a" and c and are in general arrangement, similar to the overload release coil otan ordinary direct current circuit-breaker, preferably with time element release. The middle coil 32 is connected in the same phase as that of the solenoids 85 and 85 associated with the reversing switches R and R. The three pole switch L is designed to be closed by hand and to be opened by one of the tripping devices referred to, and these tripping devices may be operated either by single or multiphase coils using eithersingle or multiphase current as desired, but the principle of the action is as above stated. That is, it the'current from the main line exceeds a predetermined value, either the magnet 31 pr the magnet or both will project their cores against the arm '30 to release the latch 28 andthus permit the main line switch L to be opened and the cur-- rent to the motor entirel" interrupted. In I such case .it is obvious thecurrent to the brake-releasing magnet will alsobe deeneriro' oe ema respectively by the wires 41 and $1 to switch apparatus not shown but operated upon movement of the stator frame. reversing" switch R has been operated to closed position the stator frame his rotated "in such a direction that the'circuit through the coil 32,'wire 37, wire 38, contact 39, plate 43,.contact- 42, wire a1. is kept open at the switch 102. But should the phases of the main line be reversed. for any reason whatever so that the motor would not operate in the proper direction, this circuit through the magnet 32 would be closed and latch 28 operated to release. the arm 22 and allow the main line switch Lto be moved to open position. In other words, if the phase relation of the current passing through the leads of the main line circuit is reversed so that the motor would tend to operate the car in a direction oppositeto that desired,

the, tripping device would immediately be operated upon the closure of one of the reversing switches and the main line current entirely out off. In such event, although the stator frame'may have moved to such a position as to have released the brake, such brakewill be again imn'iediately applied on the interruption of the main line current. The circuits and the switch 102are not full y shown in the drawing for the reason that this means for cutting off the motor current upon phase reversal is described and claimed in my co-pending-application, Serial No. 324,541, filed July 3, 1906, for an improvement in anti-phase reversing devices. Should the car go beyond its normal limits of travel, the cam 103 on the car will operate the hatchway limit switch 81 or 82. In either case a circuit will be closed from the main c through the wires 40, limit switch 82 or wire 98 and limit switch 81, to wire 99, and thence through thecoil 32 to the main 6. It will therefore be evident that the latch 28 will. be released and the main line circuit opened to effect the deenergization of the releasing magnet 14;, and the consequent application of the brake to positively stop the elevator hoisting machine'and the car. Of course if the main line switch has been openedby reason of main hne 1')ha1--'c reversal, or by reason of the car. over-runapparaning its normal limit of travel, the

Y tus' must be inspected and the main line switch replaced in closed In case of a limit switch 81 or '82 operating, such main line switch .could be held closed until the car moved away from such limit switch and until the latter moved'baclc openposition as shown in the drawing.

Although l have herein shown my invention applied to amotor of an elevator sysi tem, it may have a general application. For instance it may be applied to direct current motors or to any formof alternating current. or direct current apparstns in which.

If the position n'ianuallv. f means independent of the motor for holding by Letters Patent of the United tus, an electro-magnet connected to said the action ofthe brake simultaneously withor approximately simultaneously with the application or interruption of power, or current to the motor, is desired.

Obviously those skilled in the art may make various modifications in the details and arrangement of parts as herein disclosed without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention as defined by the claims. I desire therefore not to be limitedto the precise construction herein described and shown.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim-and desire to have protected States is:

1. The combination with a motor, of a brake therefor, an electro-responsive device, an armature'jor said electro-responsive device, and automatic means dependent upon closing a circuit to the motor for moving said electrdresponsive device and the armature to effect the release of the brake.

2. The combination with a motor, of brake apparatus therefor, an electro-magnet, an armature associated with saidelectro-magnet, and means dependent upon a part of the motor for actuating both said electro-magnet and armature to effect the release of the brake;

3. The combination with a motor, of a 'brake therefor, anv electro-magnet connected of a brake therefor, lualte-a mlying apparaa p paratus, and means dependent upon the energization of said electro maguet and upon a part of the motor to lift the same and actuate said brake-applying apparatus to re lease the brake.

6. The combination with a motor, of brake apparatus therefor, means dependent upon a part of the motor to release the brake, and

the brake in released position.

l. The cou'ilnnatlon with a motor. of brake apparatus therefor, means dependent "upon to a part ofthe motor to release the brake. and

' electro-magnctic mechanism for holding the I the motor,

brakein released position independently of the motor.

8. The combination with a motor, of brake apparatus therefor, an electro-maqnet for holding the brake released independently of a normally open switch forumrolling the electric circuit of said holding electro-magnet, and means operated upon movement of a part of said motorfor releasing said brake, closing the magnetic circuit of said electro-magnet, and closing said electric switch.

9. The combination with a motor, of a brake, an alternating current electro-magnet, an armature normally, closing the magnetic circuit of said electromagnet, an acl lilll g dQVlCG for moving said magnet and matic means for moving said magnet and the armature to release, the brake, and connections for effecting the application of the brake upon the denergization of'said .electro-magnet;

12. The combination with ,armotor, of a brake therefor, a movable electro-magnet, an armature completing the magnetic circuit of said magnet, means actuated by the movement of a part of the motor for moving said magnet by its armature to release the brake, and connections between the magnet and brake permitting the latter to be applied independently of armature movement when current ,to the magnet is interrupted.

13. In a torque-release brake, the combination with a motor'having both parts rotatably mounted, a brake for one of said parts, brake-releasing apparatus, means acted upon by the other part of said motor for releasing the brake, and means for holding said brake in released position independently of.

said last-named part.

14. In a torque-release brake, the combination with a motor having a revoluble frame, a brake for the rotative part 'of the motor, means acted upon by said revolnble frame for releasing the brake, and a device for holding said brake released independ-' ently of the position of said revoluble' frame.

15. ,In atorqu'e-rlelease brake, the combination with an elec'tricmotor having a revoluble frame, a brake forthe' rotative part of the motor, an electro-magnet, an armature closing the magnetic circuit of said 'magnet, and means acted upon by-the moi or.

frame for moving said magnet and armatare to effect the release of the brake,

-. [16,; In a torquefrelease brake, the combi nation with a motor having a revolubleframe, a brake for the rotative part of the motor, an electro-magnet connected to said brake, an armature closing the magnetic-circuit of said magnet, actuating mechanism connecting said armature to the motor.

frame, and means for supplying current to the magnet and the-motor to'eifect the operation of said actuating device and the release of said brake.

17. In a torque-release brake, the combination with an alternating current motor, the frame of said motor having a limited rcvoluble movement, of a' brake, brakeapplying apparatus means acted upon bysaid frame to move said brake-applying apparatus to effect the release of the brake, and an alternating current magnet for holding said brake released independently of said motor frame.

18. In a torque-release brake, the coutbination withan alternatingcurrent motor,. the frame of said motor having a limited rcvoluble movement, of a brake, brake-up;

plying apparatus, an alternating current electro-magnet, an armature normally closingthe magnetic circuit of said magnet, actuating mechanism operated by the motor frame ,for moving said el'ectro-magnet and armature to effect the release of the brake, and an additional electro-magnet for holding said brake in released position;

19. In a torque-release brake, the combination with an alternating current'- motor, the frame of said motor having a limited revoluble movement, of a brake, brake-ap-v plying apparatus, an alternating current electro-magnet, an armature normally clos ing'the magnetic circuit of said magnet, actuating mechanism connecting said armature and motor frame, and means for supplying current to the magnet and-motor to effect a movement of said frame to operate said actuating mechanism and release the brake.

20. In a torque-release brake, the combination with an induction motor, one part thereof having a limited revoluole' movement, of a brake, means dependent upon the movement of said revoluble-part for releasin the brake, and means independent of.

said revoluble part for holding the brake released.

21.'In a torque-release brake, the combi-v nation with an induction motor, a stator frame thereof having a limited revoluble movement, of a brake, an alternating current magnet, an armature normally completing the magnetic circuit of said magnet,

' 22. 'In a torque-release brake, the com-binationflw th an induction motor, a stator and means dependent upon the energizatioh1125 of said magnet and actuated by the stator frame to move said magnet and armature to effect the release of the brake.

Joy the stator-frame, to move said magnet and release the brake, said means comprisingan armature normally completing the magnetic circuit of said magnet and permitting the brake to be applied before the stator frame returns to normal position upon the current supply 0 the magnet and the motor being interrupt d.

23. The combination with a motor, of a brake, a magnet, an armature, an actuating device for movingsaid magnet and armas ture to release'the brake, and an additional magnet for holding said brake in released position. Y

24. The combination with an alternating current motor of the induction type and having a revoluble stator frame, of abrake for the rotor, a multiphase electro-magnet, an armature normally closing-the magnetic circuit of said electro-magnet, means acted upon by the stator frame for moving the armature and the magnet to release the brake, a holding 'electro-ma net, and means for closing the'magnetic an electric circuit of said holding magnet when the brake is released.

25. The combination with an alternating current motor of the inductionvtype and having a revoluble stator frame, of a brake for the rotor, a multiphase electro-magnet, an armature normally closing the magnetic circuit of said electro-magnet, means for moving both the magnet and armature to release the brake When the stator frame is revolved a predetermined distance upon hpphcation of current to the'magnet and the motor, a holding electro-magnet, and means with a car, hoisting apparatus and motor, of a brake for the rotating part of said motor, means actuated by the other part of said motor for releasing the brake, and an electro-magnet for holding said brake in released position independently of said lastnamed motor part.

27. The combination in an elevator system With a car, hoisting apparatus and induction motor, said motor comprising a 1'0- tating part and a part having a limited revoluble movement, of brake apparatus for said motor, a multiphase electro-magnet, an armature normally closing the magnetic circuit of said multiphase electro-magnet, ieans acted upon by the revoluble part of said motor to effect the release of the brake, and an additional multiphase -electro-magnet for holding said brake released independently of the position of said revoluble frame.

28. In an elevator, the-combination with a car, hoisting apparatus, and an" induction motor, said motor comprising arevoluble stator frame, of a brake for the rotor of said motor, brake-applying apparatus, a multiphase-electro-magnet, an armature normally closing the magnetic circuit of said electromagnet, a-cam carried by the stator frame, means actuated by said cam for moving said armature and electro-magnet to effect the release of said brake against the action of the brake-applying apparatus, a multiphase holding electro-magnet, and means co-acting with said brake-releasing means for completing, both the magnetic and electric circuits of said holding electro-magnet upon the brake being released.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribin witnesses.

WILLl AM N. DICKINSON, JR.

Witnesses:

' CHARLES M. NISSEN,

W. H. BRADY. 

